Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), more commonly known as bloat, is a life-threatening emergency in dogs. It happens when a dog’s stomach rapidly fills with gas and then twists on itself. This twist traps the gas inside and puts intense pressure on nearby organs and major blood vessels, quickly reducing blood flow to the heart. Without prompt veterinary care, GDV can progress from discomfort to fatal shock in a very short time. This process can unfold very quickly, sometimes within minutes, and emergency surgery is often the only way to save the dog’s life.
Bloat can affect any dog, but it’s most often seen in deep-chested breeds, those with a tall, narrow torso, because this body shape gives the stomach more room to move and twist. While many people associate bloat with large or giant breeds like Great Danes and Saint Bernards, the structural shape of the chest is a stronger risk factor than size alone. Research has shown that older dogs, anxious or high-stress dogs, and large or giant breeds are at a higher risk.
We recommend a procedure called gastropexy for dogs at high risk of GDV. This surgery fastens the stomach to the inside of the abdominal wall, significantly reducing the chance that the stomach can rotate in the future. It does not stop the stomach from filling with gas, but it does prevent the dangerous twisting that makes bloat so deadly.
Advances in veterinary surgery mean gastropexy can be done laparoscopically, using small incisions and a camera, which leads to less pain and a quicker recovery than traditional open surgery. Because its minimally invasive, many dogs are able to go home the same day.
For at-risk dogs, gastropexy is often performed at the same time as spaying or neutering to reduce anesthesia events and overall recovery time, but it can be done at any age as long as the dog is healthy enough for anesthesia.
Recognizing the signs of bloat is critical. Symptoms may include a visibly distended abdomen, difficulty breathing, excessive drooling, weakness, repeated unsuccessful attempts to vomit, a rapid heart rate, and collapse. Time is absolutely critical. If your dog shows any of these symptoms or you suspect GDV, seek immediate veterinary care.
Print
PDF
